The Conservative Private Members'
Committee (known informally as the 1922 Committee) is the parliamentary group
for the Conservative Party
in the UK
House of Commons. The committee, consisting of all Conservative backbencher MPs, meets weekly while the parliament
is in session and provides a way for backbenchers to co-ordinate and discuss
their views based on their constituents' and their personal views independently
of frontbenchers. Its executive membership and officers are by consensus
limited to backbench MPs only,
although since 2010 frontbench Conservative
MPs have an open invitation to attend meetings.[n 1] The committee can also play an
important role in choosing the party leader (and thus Prime
Minister when the Conservatives are in government). The group was
formed in 1923 but first became important after 1940. It is generally closely
related to the leadership and under the control of party whips.
The 1922 Committee has an 18-member
executive committee, the chairman of which must oversee any election of a new
party leader, or any Conservative party-led vote of confidence
in respect of the current one; such a vote can be triggered by 15 percent of
Conservative MPs writing a letter to the chairman asking for such a vote. This
process was invoked most recently on 28 October 2003, when 25 MPs requested a
vote of confidence in Iain Duncan Smith
by writing to the chairman, then Michael Spicer.
Duncan Smith lost the vote the next day.
Origins
The committee was formed in 1923 but
takes its name from the famous 19
October 1922 meeting at the Carlton Club in which Conservative MPs
successfully demanded that the party withdraw from the coalition
government of David Lloyd George
]The resolution passed at
that meeting triggered the general
election which the Conservative Party won – the many new
Conservative MPs elected for the first time formed the Conservative Private
Members' Committee to discuss and influence political events.
The MPs who founded the Committee
were not the same as those who had taken the decision to end the 1916–22
Coalition government. It began as a small dining group of new members in 1922,
then moved on to be a ginger group of active
backbencher
[After the 1923 and 1924 elections, the membership expanded
as more new Conservative MPs were elected, and in 1926 all backbench MPs were
invited to become members. Consequently, it became a platform for the majority
rather than a focus for discontent
The term "men in suits" or "men in grey
suits" has been applied to a delegation of Conservative MPs (not
necessarily backbenchers) who tell a party leader that it is time for them to
step down without forcing an open challenge such as a vote of no confidence. It
became popular after the resignation of Margaret Thatcher[
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